Hydraulic fluid devices



June 11, 1957 HYDRAULIC FLUID DEVICES Filed umn e, VL195e 23 A 7 25 (E [E/ IN V EN TOR. S. MOS KOWITZ s. MosKo'wl-rz 2,795,196l

United States Patent() rlice HrDnAUI-.rc rhum ADEVICES i Seymour Moskowitz, Riverdale, N. -Y. I Applicatie March 6,1956,seriarNo.569,735y

'eclaima y(claros- 1520 "Thisginvention relates .to an improve'dconstruction of v aapurnp g 1unitfor circulating either fluids or gases.

"QneQf they objects of ,this invention is to provide a 'hydraulic fluid device with a vertical channel `of varying cross sectional area which contains a fluid or gas to be pumped ,bwa-second fluid which rises `.andtalls in this channel.

Another object vofthis inventionisto-provide a pumpingtdevice fnriluidsorgases comprising a sealed conltainer:adapted .to-hol d `Va .dense fluid, a vertical rplunger entering this lcontainer and a vertical channel in this plunger which is open at the bottom and valved at the top.

Another object of this invention is to provide a reciprocating pumping device that allows variable pressure to volume relationships with a given for-ce operating the device during the course of a single pumping stroke.

Additional objects, advantages and features of invention reside in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts involved in the embodiment of the invention and its practice as will be understood from the following description and accompanying drawings wherein Fig. I is a vertical sectional view through the pumping unit.

Fig. II is a top plan View thereof.

Fig. III is a vertical sectional view of the outer sleeve lof the pump plunger.

Fig. IV is a vertical sectional view of a second type of an inner liner which could be placed in the outer sleeve of the pump plunger.

Fig. V is a vertical sectional view of a third type of an inner liner which could be placed in the outer sleeve of the pump plunger.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate three practical embodiments of the invention, designates a container or cylinder which is provided with a bottom Wall 11, detachably secured in place, as by the cooperating flanges 12 and 13, and the connecting bolts 14. A top closure 14A for the container is detachably secured in place as by the cooperating flanges 15 and 16 and the connecting bolts 14. A fixed cylindrical plunger guide 17 extends into the container from the top closure.

A pump plunger assembly 18, comprising an louter sleeve 19, a sleeve liner 20, an intake valve 21, an exhaust valve 22, and a handle 23 which is one p-ossible means to reciprocate the entire pump plunger assembly, fits slidably into the fixed cylindrical plunger, and is sealed gas tight by the high pressure seal 26. The closed upper end of the outer sleeve and the sleeve liner is connected to the intake and exhaust valves by the channels 24 and 25.

The container 10 is tilled with a Working uid 27 to such a level that, at the top of the stroke of the plunger assembly, the bottom of the vertical channel 28 is mmersed in the working lluid. The vertical channel 28 may vary in cross sectional area from the open lower end 29 to the closed and valved upper end 30. Above the working uid 27 is the uid or gas 31 which is being pumped.

2,795,196 l A"Patented J une 1,1 i1 957 As [the plungerassembly vshown in Fig.V I v is'ym'oved downward, .the pumped liuid or .gas .is 'displacedf'from the channel as'the workingfluid rises in the channel'be- V,cause pressure is being exerted .upon'both the pumped 'and workingiuds andiths Pressure, Canonlybe relieved as" the rpumpedf'fluid l,escapes through the exhaustvalve.

As theplunger,assemblyshown infEig. I'is moved up- Ward, the 4pumped ,duidor gas t is drawn into K the channel fgbecause pressure' isreduced jin both vthe pumped and jworlcin'g fluids until the ,partial vacuum thus formed is relievedjas .the. pump,ed lluidflows in through the intake .'.tionalarea ofthe channel may vary. `Therefore, 'if'the Ysurface :off Ythe ywo-rking'uid isfconsidered as ya piston 'facedoing workon the ypumped fluid in .the channel, a

given amount of force on this piston face may either pumpasmalleramountof thepumped liuidat a higher pressuregor allarfger amount of ythe vpumped -fluid at a @lower lpressure,depending.on the cross sectionaharea of f-.the channel whichrdeterminesihe area of Athe `hyllOtheti- ,cal .piston face. "lhere'fore, as thefcon'figuration of the channel varies, this pump may have different pressure to volume ratios in the dilerent parts of a single stroke while a constant force or thrust moves the piston which is the surface of the working fluid in the channel.

rl`here are two necessary characteristics of the working fluid. The first is that it beof greater density than the pumped duid or gas, and the second is that it not mix or react a harmful manner with the pumped fluid or gas. An example of a contemplated working fluid Would be mercury pumping oil, water or air. used as a working duid to pump light oils, or it could be used to pump air. It is to be understood that there are any number of possible combinations of working liuids and pumped uids or gases that may be used to-practice this invention.

Fig. I shows one contemplated embodiment of my invention. Fig. III shows the pump plunger outer sleeve. This pump plunger outer sleeve may be fabricated from metal or other suitable material by any standard precision means. The sleeve liner 20 in Fig. I and the two alternate types shown in Fig. 1V and Fig. V may be made from plastic, rubber or any easily fabricated material.

. Fig. I shows the sleeve liner 20 with a conical vertical channel. With this sleeve liner the pump will put out a smaller amount of the pumped iluid at a higher pressure as the pump plunger is moved with a constant force into the working duid.

If the sleeve liner shown in Fig. IV is used, the pump will put out a greater amount of the pumped iluid at a lower pressure as the pump plunger assembly is moved downward. Fig. V shows still another possible configuration for the channel in the sleeve liner. In the practice of my invention the channel may assume any form necessary to give desired pumping characteristics.

Having illustrated and described three preferred embodiments 'of my invention, it is to be understood that it is not limited to the precise construction herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modilications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. A hydraulic fluid device comprising a sealed container, a vertical plunger which is slidably mounted and which enters said sealed container, a vertical channel in said vertical plunger, an intake valve connected to the upper end of said vertical channel, an exhaust valve connected to the upper end of said vertical channel, a work'- ing uid in said container, and means attached to Said Water could be 'Y vertical plunger to move it upward and downward Within said container and within said working uid so `that as the vertical plunger moves upward and downward Q which enters said sealed container, a` vertical conical channel in said vertical plunger with the large `part of theconical channel extending downwards, an intake valve connected to theupper part of said vertical conical channe1,'an exhaust valve connected to the upper part of said vertical conical channel, a working `uid inV said container, and means attached lto said vertical plunger to move ittupward and downward within said sealed container and within said working fluid so that as the vertical plunger moves upward and downward within the sealed container and withinV theworking fluid the surface of the working Huid will rise and fall in the vertical conical channel and thereby cause the intake and exhaust valves to operate.

3. A hydraulic uid device comprising a sealed container, a vertical plunger which is slidably mounted and which enters said sealed container, a vertical channel which varies in` cross sectional area from one end to the `other in said vertical plunger, an intake valve connected 4` r to the upper end of said vertical channel, an exhaust valve connected to the upper end of said vertical channel, a working luid in said sealed container, and means attached to said vertical plunger to move it upward and downward within said sealed container and Within said working luid so that as the vertical plunger moves upward and downward within the sealed container, and

within the working fluid, the surface of the working fluid will rise and fallin the'vertical channel of variable cross sectional area and thereby cause the intake and exhaust valve to operate.I

4. A hydraulic fluid device comprising a sealed container, a movable element entering said container, a vertical channel in Said element, an intake valve connected to the upper end of said vertical channel, an exhaust valve connected to the upperend of said vertical channel, a working fluid within said container, andi means to move said element and said vertical channel upwards and downwards within the working uid within said container so that the working uid will rise and fall within the vertical channel and thereby cause the exhaust and intake valves to operate.

References Cited inthe le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Pardce Oct. 14, 1873 

